Hair is a 1979 film adaptation of the 1968 Broadway musical of the same title Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot. A product of the hippie counter-culture and sexual revolution of the 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement. The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of about a Vietnam war The Vietnam War [A 2] was a Cold War military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 [A 1], to April 30, 1975 when Saigon fell. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States draftee who meets and befriends a tribe of long-haired hippies The hippie subculture was originally a youth movement that arose in the United States during the mid-1960s, swiftly spreading to other countries around the world. The etymology of the term 'hippie' is from hipster, and was initially used to describe beatniks who had moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury on his way to the army induction center. The hippies introduce him to their environment of marijuana Cannabis, also known as marijuana, marihuana, among many other namesa[›], refers to any number of preparations of the Cannabis plant intended for use as a psychoactive drug. The word marijuana comes from the Mexican Spanish mariguana. According to the United Nations, cannabis "is the most widely used illicit substance in the world.", LSD Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the ergoline family. LSD is non-addictive and well known for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synaesthesia, a sense of time distortion,, and unorthodox relationships.

The film was directed A film director is a person who directs the making or production of a film. Many people also consider film producers, cinematographers, film editors, and special effects experts to be filmmakers by Miloš Forman Jan Tomáš Forman , better known as Miloš Forman ([ˈmɪloʃ ˈforman]), is a Czech film director, screenwriter, actor and professor. Two of his films, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and Amadeus, are among the most celebrated in the history of film, both garnering him the Academy Award as a director. He was also nominated for The People vs, who was nominated for a César Award Actor–Leading · Actor–Supporting · Actress–Leading · Actress–Supporting · Cinematography · Costume Design · Debut · Director · Editing · Film · Foreign Film · Music Written for a Film · Production Design · Short Film · Sound · Work of Fiction · Writing–Adaptation–Original · Most Promising Actress · Most Promising for his work on the film. Cast members include Treat Williams Richard Treat Williams is an American actor who has appeared on film, stage and television. From 2002 to 2006, he was the star of the television series Everwood, John Savage, Beverly D'Angelo, Don Dacus of the rock band Chicago Chicago is an American rock band formed in 1967 in Chicago, Illinois. The band began as a politically charged, sometimes experimental, rock band and later moved to a predominantly softer sound, becoming famous for producing a number of hit ballads. They had a steady stream of hits throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Second only to the Beach Boys in, Annie Golden, Dorsey Wright Dorsey Wright is an American actor, best known for his role as Cleon in the 1979 film The Warriors, Nell Carter, Ellen Foley, Charlotte Rae as well as Johnny Maestro, Jim Rosica and Fred Ferrara of the rock group The Brooklyn Bridge, and The Stylistics. Dance scenes were choreographed by Twyla Tharp Twyla Tharp is an American dancer and choreographer, who has won Emmy and Tony awards. She works in New York City and performed by the Twyla Tharp Dance Foundation. The film was nominated for a Best Picture Golden Globe Award The Golden Globe Awards are presented annually by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association to recognize outstanding achievements in the entertainment industry, both domestic and foreign, and to focus wide public attention upon the best in motion pictures and television. The formal ceremony and dinner at which the awards are presented is a major, and Williams was nominated for a Golden Globe as New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture - Male.

In this adaptation of the hit Broadway musical, a naive farm boy from Oklahoma A major producer of natural gas, oil and agriculture, Oklahoma relies on an economic base of aviation, energy, telecommunications, and biotechnology. It has one of the fastest growing economies in the nation, ranking among the top states in per capita income growth and gross domestic product growth. Oklahoma City and Tulsa serve as Oklahoma's named Claude Hooper Bukowski (John Savage) heads to New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States, and the center of the New York metropolitan area, which is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. A leading global city, New York exerts a powerful influence over global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. As host of the to enter the Army The United States Army is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven uniformed services. The modern Army has its roots in the Continental Army which was formed on 14 June 1775, before the establishment of the and serve in the Vietnam War The Vietnam War [A 2] was a Cold War military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1, 1955 [A 1], to April 30, 1975 when Saigon fell. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States. In Central Park Central Park is a public greenspace/park in the heart of Manhattan in New York City, with approximately twenty-five million visitors each year, it is the most visited urban park in the United States. The park was first opened in 1857, on 770 acres of city owned land, then in 1858, Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux won a design competition to, he meets a troupe of free-spirited hippies led by a young man named George Berger (Treat Williams), who introduce him to a debutante named Sheila Franklin (Beverly D'Angelo) when they crash a dinner party at her home. Inevitably, Claude is sent off to boot camp in Nevada, but Berger and his band of merry pranksters including Woof Daschund (Don Dacus), LaFayette "Hud" Johnson (Dorsey Wright) and Jeannie Ryan (Annie Golden) follow him. Sheila flirts with an off-duty Sergeant Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organizations around the world. Its origins are the Latin serviens, "one who serves", through the French term Sergent in order to steal his uniform, which she gives to Berger. He uses it to extract Claude from the base for a last meeting with Sheila, taking his place, but while Claude is away, the unit flies out to Vietnam Vietnam (pronounced /ˌviː.ɛtˈnɑːm/ VEE-et-NAHM; Vietnamese: Việt Nam, listen ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam, listen (help·info)), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the, taking Berger with them.

Changes from original version

A few verses from "Manchester, England" and a small portion of "Walking In Space" have been removed. The film omits the songs "The Bed", "Dead End", "Oh Great God of Power", "I Believe in Love", "Going Down", "Abie Baby," "Air," "My Conviction," "Frank Mills," and "What a Piece of Work is Man" from the musical. The latter five songs were originally recorded for the film, but were eventually cut, as they slowed the pace of the film. They can be found on the motion picture soundtrack album, although they were omitted on the 1990 reissue. While the songs "Don't Put It Down" and "Somebody To Love" are not specifically sung by characters in the movie, they are both used as background or instrumental music for scenes at the army base. There are several other differences from songs in the movie and as they appear on the soundtrack, mainly in omitted verses and different orchestrations.

The plot is changed in the film. Many of the songs have been shortened, sped up, rearranged, or assigned to different characters to allow for the differences in plot. Opinions are mixed as to whether the film was an improvement over the stage show.

In the original stage show, the character Claude Bukowski is a hippie The hippie subculture was originally a youth movement that arose in the United States during the mid-1960s, swiftly spreading to other countries around the world. The etymology of the term 'hippie' is from hipster, and was initially used to describe beatniks who had moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury who eventually joins the Army and is sent to Vietnam Vietnam (pronounced /ˌviː.ɛtˈnɑːm/ VEE-et-NAHM; Vietnamese: Việt Nam, listen ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam, listen (help·info)), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the. In the movie, the plot was changed so that Claude comes to New York City from Oklahoma after he is drafted and befriends a group of hippies before being sent to Army training camp. They introduce him to their psychedelically-inspired style of living, and eventually drive to Nevada to visit him at a training camp. In the play, Claude is from "dirty, mucky, polluted Flushing," in Queens, but wishes he was from "Manchester, England," which explained why he sang a song with that title. The song remains in the film, though with a joking introduction by Berger - "he just got off the boat" - to make it apply to Oklahoma native Claude.

In the musical, Sheila Franklin is a hippie who falls in love with Berger, not Claude. Jeannie was "knocked up" by a speed Amphetamine or amfetamine (INN) is a psychostimulant drug that is known to produce increased wakefulness and focus in association with decreased fatigue and appetite. Amphetamine is chemically related to methamphetamine and lisdexamfetamine, a class of potent drugs that act by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, inducing freak, not by either Woof or Hud.

Arguably, the most extreme change is Berger's death in the finale. In the original play it is Claude who dies in Vietnam.

Reaction

Original writers James Rado and Gerome Ragni were unhappy with the film. In their view, Forman failed to capture the essence of Hair in that hippies were portrayed as "oddballs" and "some sort of aberration" without any connection to the peace movement.^[1] Both are quoted as saying: "Any resemblance between the 1979 film and the original Biltmore version, other than some of the songs, the names of the characters, and a common title, eludes us." In their view, the screen version of Hair has not yet been produced.^[1] However, the film was generally well-reviewed.^[2] Writing in The New York Times The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. Although it remains both the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States as well as third largest overall behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, the weekday circulation of the paper has fallen precipitously in, Vincent Canby Vincent Canby was an American film critic called it "a rollicking musical memoir.... [Michael] Weller's inventions make this Hair seem much funnier than I remember the show's having been. They also provide time and space for the development of characters who, on the stage, had to express themselves almost entirely in song.... The entire cast is superb.... Mostly... the film is a delight."^[3]

The film was shown out of competition at the 1979 Cannes Film Festival.^[4]

Soundtrack

All lyrics written by Gerome Ragni, Jim Rado, all music composed by Galt MacDermot.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Horn, pp. 117–18
2. ^ "Hair (1979)", 93% positive reviews at Rottentomatoes.com
3. ^ Canby, Vincent. "Hair", The New York Times, March 14, 1979
4. ^ "Festival de Cannes: Hair". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/1888/year/1979.html. Retrieved 2009-05-25.

External links

• Hair at the Internet Movie Database The Internet Movie Database is an online database of information related to movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, video games, and most recently, fictional characters featured in visual entertainment media. IMDb launched on October 17, 1990, and in 1998 was acquired by Amazon.com
• Hair at Allmovie Allmovie is a commercial database of information about movie stars, movies and television shows. It was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded Allmusic and Allgame
• Reviews and information from Rottentomatoes.com

Categories: American films Categories: Films by country | Cinema of the United States | Entertainment in the United States | American media | English-language films Categories: English-language culture | Films by language | English-language media | 1979 films | American musical drama films | Films directed by Miloš Forman | Films based on plays | Baby boomers in fiction | United Artists films | Rock musicals | Vietnam War films

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